Modelica.Electrical.Analog.Ideal

Information

This package contains ideal components:

• thyristor
• GTO thyristor
• switches
• diode
• transformer
• gyrator
• operational amplifier
• idle branch
• short cut

Main Authors:

Christoph Clauß <clauss@eas.iis.fhg.de>
André Schneider <schneider@eas.iis.fhg.de>
Fraunhofer Institute for Integrated Circuits
Design Automation Department
Zeunerstraße 38
D-01069 Dresden

Version:

$Id: Modelica_Electrical_Analog_Ideal.html,v 1.2 2000/06/20 22:49:57 Dag Exp $

Copyright:

Copyright (C) 1998-1999, Modelica Association and Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft.
The Modelica package is free software; it can be redistributed and/or modified under the terms of the Modelica license, see the license conditions and the accompanying disclaimer in the documentation of package Modelica in file "Modelica/package.mo".

Modelica.Electrical.Analog.Ideal.IdealThyristor

Information

Ideal thyristor ... < description will be added >

Parameters

Name	Default	Description
Roff	1.E-5	Closed thyristor resistance [Ohm]
Gon	1.E-5	Opened thyristor conductance [S]

Modelica definition

model IdealThyristor "Ideal thyristor" 
  extends Modelica.Electrical.Analog.Interfaces.OnePort;
  parameter SIunits.Resistance Roff(final min=0) = 1.E-5 
    "Closed thyristor resistance";
  parameter SIunits.Conductance Gon(final min=0) = 1.E-5 
    "Opened thyristor conductance";
protected 
  Real s "Auxiliary variable";
  Boolean off(start=true);
  Boolean fire(start=true);
public 
  Modelica.Blocks.Interfaces.BooleanInPort firePort(final n=1);
equation 
  fire = firePort.signal[1];
  off = s < 0 or pre(off) and not fire;
  v = s*(if off then 1 else Roff);
  i = s*(if off then Gon else 1);
end IdealThyristor;

Modelica.Electrical.Analog.Ideal.IdealGTOThyristor

Information

Ideal GTO thyristor ...

Parameters

Name	Default	Description
Roff	1.E-5	Closed thyristor resistance [Ohm]
Gon	1.E-5	Opened thyristor conductance [S]

Modelica definition

model IdealGTOThyristor "Ideal GTO thyristor" 
  extends Modelica.Electrical.Analog.Interfaces.OnePort;
  parameter SIunits.Resistance Roff(final min=0) = 1.E-5 
    "Closed thyristor resistance";
  parameter SIunits.Conductance Gon(final min=0) = 1.E-5 
    "Opened thyristor conductance";
protected 
  Real s "Auxiliary variable";
  Boolean off(start=true) "Position of switch";
  Boolean fire;
public 
  Modelica.Blocks.Interfaces.BooleanInPort firePort(final n=1);
equation 
  fire = firePort.signal[1];
  off = s < 0 or not fire;
  v = s*(if off then 1 else Roff);
  i = s*(if off then Gon else 1);
end IdealGTOThyristor;

Modelica.Electrical.Analog.Ideal.IdealSwitch

Information

Ideal electrical switch. In order to prevent singularities during switching, the opened switch has a high resistance and the closed switch has a low resistance.

If the actual circuit has an appropriate structure, the limiting case is also allowed, i.e., the resistance of the closed switch could be exactly zero and the conductance of the open switch could be also exactly zero (i.e. the resistance is infinity). Note, there are circuits, where a description with zero/infinity resistances is not possible.

Parameters

Name	Default	Description
Roff	1.E-5	Closed switch resistance [Ohm]
Gon	1.E-5	Opened switch conductance [S]

Modelica definition

model IdealSwitch "Ideal electrical switch" 
  extends Modelica.Electrical.Analog.Interfaces.OnePort;
  parameter SIunits.Resistance Roff(final min=0) = 1.E-5 
    "Closed switch resistance";
  parameter SIunits.Conductance Gon(final min=0) = 1.E-5 
    "Opened switch conductance";
protected 
  Real s "Auxiliary variable";
  Boolean off;
public 
  Modelica.Blocks.Interfaces.BooleanInPort control(final n=1, signal(start=
          {false})) "true/false opened/closed switch";
equation 
  off = control.signal[1];
  v = s*(if off then 1 else Roff);
  i = s*(if off then Gon else 1);
end IdealSwitch;

Modelica.Electrical.Analog.Ideal.ControlledIdealSwitch

Information

The ideal switch is a three-pole. If the third pin voltage exceeds the given parameter Voltage, the pins p and n are open (no current flowing, any voltage possible). Otherwise, p and n are short cut.

Parameters

Name	Default	Description
level		Switch level [V]
Roff	1.E-5	Closed switch resistance [Ohm]
Gon	1.E-5	Opened switch conductance [S]

Modelica definition

model ControlledIdealSwitch 
  parameter SIunits.Voltage level "Switch level";
  parameter SIunits.Resistance Roff(final min=0) = 1.E-5 
    "Closed switch resistance";
  parameter SIunits.Conductance Gon(final min=0) = 1.E-5 
    "Opened switch conductance";
protected 
  Real s "Auxiliary variable";
public 
  Modelica.Electrical.Analog.Interfaces.Pin p "Positive pin";
  Modelica.Electrical.Analog.Interfaces.Pin n "Negative pin";
  Modelica.Electrical.Analog.Interfaces.Pin control 
    "Control pin: control.v > level open, otherwise closed";
equation 
  control.i = 0;
  0 = p.i + n.i;
  p.v - n.v = s*(if (control.v < level) then Roff else 1);
  n.i = s*(if (control.v < level) then 1 else Gon);
end ControlledIdealSwitch;

Modelica.Electrical.Analog.Ideal.ControlledIdealCommutingSwitch

Information

The commuting switch is a four pole. The switching behaviour is controlled by the fourth pin. If its voltage exceeds the parameter Voltage value, the first pin p is chort cut to the second pin ng. Otherwise, the pin p is short cut to the third pin n1.

Parameters

Name	Default	Description
level		Switch level [V]
Roff	1.E-5	Closed switch resistance [Ohm]
Gon	1.E-5	Opened switch conductance [S]

Modelica definition

model ControlledIdealCommutingSwitch "Ideal commuting switch" 
  parameter SIunits.Voltage level "Switch level";
  parameter SIunits.Resistance Roff(final min=0) = 1.E-5 
    "Closed switch resistance";
  parameter SIunits.Conductance Gon(final min=0) = 1.E-5 
    "Opened switch conductance";
public 
  Modelica.Electrical.Analog.Interfaces.Pin p "Positive pin";
  Modelica.Electrical.Analog.Interfaces.Pin n2 "Negative pin 2";
  Modelica.Electrical.Analog.Interfaces.Pin n1 "Negative pin 1";
  Modelica.Electrical.Analog.Interfaces.Pin control 
    "Control pin: control.v > level p--n2, otherwise p--n1";
protected 
  Real s1;
  Real s2 "Auxiliary variables";
equation 
  control.i = 0;
  0 = p.i + n2.i + n1.i;
  
  p.v - n1.v = s1*(if (control.v > level) then 1 else Roff);
  n1.i = s1*(if (control.v > level) then Gon else 1);
  p.v - n2.v = s2*(if (control.v > level) then Roff else 1);
  n2.i = s2*(if (control.v > level) then 1 else Gon);
end ControlledIdealCommutingSwitch;

Modelica.Electrical.Analog.Ideal.IdealOpAmp

Information

The ideal OpAmp is a two-port. The left port is fixed to v1=0 and i1=0 (nullator). At the right port both any voltage v2 and any current i2 are possible (norator).

Modelica definition

model IdealOpAmp "Ideal opamp (norator-nullator pair)" 
  SIunits.Voltage v1 "Voltage drop over the left port";
  SIunits.Voltage v2 "Voltage drop over the right port";
  SIunits.Current i1 
    "Current flowing from pos. to neg. pin of the left port";
  SIunits.Current i2 
    "Current flowing from pos. to neg. pin of the right port";
  Modelica.Electrical.Analog.Interfaces.PositivePin p1 
    "Positive pin of the left port";
  Modelica.Electrical.Analog.Interfaces.NegativePin n1 
    "Negative pin of the left port";
  Modelica.Electrical.Analog.Interfaces.PositivePin p2 
    "Positive pin of the right port";
  Modelica.Electrical.Analog.Interfaces.NegativePin n2 
    "Negative pin of the right port";
equation 
  v1 = p1.v - n1.v;
  v2 = p2.v - n2.v;
  0 = p1.i + n1.i;
  0 = p2.i + n2.i;
  i1 = p1.i;
  i2 = p2.i;
  v1 = 0;
  i1 = 0;
end IdealOpAmp;

Modelica.Electrical.Analog.Ideal.IdealDiode

Information

Ideal electrical diode. This is an ideal switch which is open, when it is reversed biased (voltage drop < 0) and which is closed, when it is conducting (current > 0). In order to prevent singularities during switching, the opened diode has a high resistance and the closed diode has a low resistance.

If the actual circuit has an appropriate structure, the limiting case is also allowed, i.e., the resistance of the closed diode could be exactly zero and the conductance of the open diode could be also exactly zero (i.e. the resistance is infinity). Note, there are circuits, where a description with zero/infinity resistances is not possible.

Parameters

Name	Default	Description
Roff	1.E-5	Closed diode resistance [Ohm]
Gon	1.E-5	Opened diode conductance [S]

Modelica definition

model IdealDiode "Ideal electrical diode" 
  extends Modelica.Electrical.Analog.Interfaces.OnePort;
  parameter SIunits.Resistance Roff(final min=0) = 1.E-5 
    "Closed diode resistance";
  parameter SIunits.Conductance Gon(final min=0) = 1.E-5 
    "Opened diode conductance";
  Boolean off(start=true) "Switching state of diode";
protected 
  Real s "Auxiliary variable";
equation 
  off = s < 0;
  v = s*(if off then 1 else Roff);
  i = s*(if off then Gon else 1);
end IdealDiode;

Modelica.Electrical.Analog.Ideal.IdealTransformer

Information

The ideal transformer is an ideal two-port resistive circuit element which is characterized by the following two equations:

    v1 =  n * v2
    i2 = -n * i1

where n is a real number called the turns ratio.

Parameters

Name	Default	Description
n	1	Turns ratio

Modelica definition

model IdealTransformer "Ideal electrical transformer" 
  extends Modelica.Electrical.Analog.Interfaces.TwoPort;
  parameter Real n=1 "Turns ratio";
equation 
  v1 = n*v2;
  i2 = -n*i1;
end IdealTransformer;

Modelica.Electrical.Analog.Ideal.IdealGyrator

Information

A gyrator is an ideal two-port element defined by the following equations:

    i1 =  G * v2
    i2 = -G * v1

where the constant G is called the gyration conductance.

Parameters

Name	Default	Description
G	1	Gyration conductance [S]

Modelica definition

model IdealGyrator "Ideal gyrator" 
  extends Modelica.Electrical.Analog.Interfaces.TwoPort;
  parameter SIunits.Conductance G=1 "Gyration conductance";
equation 
  i1 = G*v2;
  i2 = -G*v1;
end IdealGyrator;

Modelica.Electrical.Analog.Ideal.Idle

Information

The model Idle is a simple idle running branch.

Modelica definition

model Idle "Idle branch" 
  extends Modelica.Electrical.Analog.Interfaces.OnePort;
equation 
  
  i = 0;
  
end Idle;

Modelica.Electrical.Analog.Ideal.Short

Information

The model Short is a simple short cut branch.

Modelica definition

model Short "Short cut branch" 
  extends Modelica.Electrical.Analog.Interfaces.OnePort;
equation 
  v = 0;
end Short;