#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <cmath>

class Piece
{
public:

    Piece(int x, int y)
        : x {x}, y {y}
    {}

    virtual ~Piece() = default;

    virtual bool can_move(int new_x, int new_y) const = 0;
    virtual bool can_attack(Piece const& target) const
    {
        return can_move(target.x, target.y);
    }

    int get_x() const
    {
        return x;
    }

    int get_y() const
    {
        return y;
    }

protected:

    int x;
    int y;

    bool out_of_bounds(int new_x, int new_y);
};

class Pawn : public Piece
{
public:
    Pawn(int x, int y, int direction)
        : Piece{x, y}, direction {direction}
    {}
    
    virtual bool can_move(int new_x, int new_y) const override
    {
        return (x == new_x) && (y + direction == new_y);
    }
    
    virtual bool can_attack(Piece const& target) const override
    {
        if (std::abs(target.get_x() - x) != 1)
        {
            return false;
        }

        return y + direction == target.get_y();
    }
    
private:
    int direction;
};

class Rook : public Piece
{
public:
    using Piece::Piece;
    
    virtual bool can_move(int new_x, int new_y) const override
    {
        return (x == new_x) != (y == new_y);
    }
};

class Queen : public Rook
{
public:
    using Rook::Rook;

    virtual bool can_move(int new_x, int new_y) const override
    {
        return Rook::can_move(x, y) || (std::abs(x-new_x) == std::abs(y-new_y));
    }
};

int main()
{
    std::vector<Piece*> pieces {
        new Pawn  {1,1, 1},  // White pawn
        new Pawn  {3,5, -1}, // Black pawn
        new Rook  {2,2},
        new Queen {6,2}
    };

    std::cout << std::boolalpha;

    std::cout << "== White Pawn ==" << std::endl;
    std::cout << (pieces[0]->can_move(1,2) == true) << " ";
    std::cout << (pieces[0]->can_move(1,1) == false) << std::endl;
    std::cout << "== Black Pawn ==" << std::endl;
    std::cout << (pieces[1]->can_move(3,4) == true) << " ";
    std::cout << (pieces[1]->can_move(4,4) == false) << std::endl;
    std::cout << "== Rook ==" << std::endl;
    std::cout << (pieces[2]->can_move(2,7) == true) << " ";
    std::cout << (pieces[2]->can_move(1,1) == false) << std::endl;
    std::cout << "== Queen ==" << std::endl;
    std::cout << (pieces[3]->can_move(4,4) == true) << " ";
    std::cout << (pieces[3]->can_move(5,0) == false) << std::endl;

    std::cout << "== Can Attack ==" << std::endl;
    std::cout << (pieces[0]->can_attack(*pieces[2]) == true) << " ";
    std::cout << (pieces[1]->can_attack(*pieces[3]) == false) << " ";
    std::cout << (pieces[2]->can_attack(*pieces[3]) == true) << " ";
    std::cout << (pieces[3]->can_attack(*pieces[1]) == true) << std::endl;
}