#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
#include <vector>
#include <stdexcept>

using namespace std;

class Octet
{
public:
    Octet(int i): number{i}
    {
	if ( i < 0 or i > 255 )
	{
	    throw logic_error{"Octet outside of range: 0 to 255"};
	}
    }

    void print()
    {
	cout << setw(3) << setfill('0') << number;
    }
    
private:
    int number;
};

class Adress
{
public:
    Adress() : octets(4, 0)
    {}
    Adress(int i, int j, int k, int l)
	: octets{i, j, k, l}
    {}

    void print()
    {
	octets.at(0).print();
	for( vector<Octet>::size_type i{1}; i < octets.size(); ++i )
	{
	    cout << ".";
	    octets.at(i).print();
	}
    }
    
private:
    vector<Octet> octets;
};

int main()
{
    Adress a1{};
    a1.print();
    cout << endl;
    Adress a2{192, 16, 0, 1};
    a2.print();
    cout << endl;
    try
    {
	Adress a3{256, 0, 0, 0};
    }
    catch(logic_error const& e)
    {
	cout << e.what()<< endl;
    }
    try
    {
	Adress a4{255, -1, 0, 0};
    }
    catch(logic_error const& e)
    {
	cout << e.what()<< endl;
    }
}